Posts Tagged ‘god’

What if…..part 5

April 3, 2026

We call it Good Friday. Then we realize it is only Good because of the horrendous torment,suffering, and agony Jesus allowed himself to experience for us. I urge you to read this account of the horrid suffering Jesus underwent.

Chapter 41 

Malchus, continued 

Caiphas might be the cause of Yeshua’s crucifixion, but he refused to attend. I had once heard Caiphas say that only once had he attended a crucifixion. The dismemberment of the body by the beating even before being placed on the cross had sickened him. He told me that he could still remember the vile odor when he had thrown up all the contents from his stomach. The gross mixture of puke still gave him shivers when he thought about that incident. As his primary lackey, I needed to be his representative at the beating and crucifixion.  

I found a bench inside the praetorium at Pilate’s castle to witness the scourging. This open courtyard would allow any blood, vomit, pee, or defecation by the bowels to be easily cleaned up. The Roman guards chosen to scourge the body were experts at bringing the human’s body to the point of death without ending life. Pain, agony, every fiber of the body screaming in torment was their goal. 

In this early morning hour, a rugged experienced punisher would handle the whip from the left side of the body, but a new trainee would whip from the right side.  

Stripped naked, Yeshua offered no complaint. Instead, He had a look of complete surrender. When they were ready to begin the beating, Yeshua looked my way. Was I right? Was he mouthing the words, “I forgive you?” It was an unsettling moment that made me want to abandon my post.  

With Yeshua’s hands tied to the whipping post. The experienced punisher carefully chose his cat-of- nine tails whip. Interestingly, besides the balls of metal and sharp-edged rock, it had numerous sheep bones interspersed. The new trainee gathered his whip and took his position. 

With the first crack of the punishers whip, my body jumped out of shock. In my time of witnessing this torture, I always experienced the jolt of the first crack. The sound of the whip digging into the skin plus the sharp cries of agony from the punished always made sleeping later difficult. I was not the one suffering, but never-the-less I internally sensed the agony. 

As soon as the expert pulled his whip with rocks, stones, and bones from Yeshua’s body, the trainee followed through from the other side. Although it still dug into the body, the expert was irate. “You fool,” he yelled at the trainee. “Crack that whip into him. Dig deep or someone else will finish for you.” 

For excruciating minutes the pattern followed. After five or six whips by the trainee, the expert told him, “Begin aiming for the areas already lacerated. I want to see exposed muscles or else.” 

By now other guards are regularly dumping water on the floor to drain the blood and pieces of flesh that were carved out of the body. After a few more cords into the body, vulgarities filled the courtyard. Yeshua had emptied his bowels. The contents of the Passover meal lay at Yeshua’s feet. I had to leave. This was more than I could handle. 

I only came back inside when I heard the centurion’s words, “Stop. That is enough. We don’t want him to die here. He is ready for a brief time on the cross before death.” 

 As the guards prepared for Yeshua’s walk to Golgotha, Pilate’s aide delivered the placard to hang from the cross, announcing the reason for the crucifixion. The sign read, “Yeshua, the Nazarene, the King of the Jews.” Riotous laughter filled the guards. One of the guards bowed down low in mockery, “Hail oh King.” Someone else grabbed a scarlet robe and another a crown of thorns. Dressed as an honored king, the derision of Yeshua continued. The guards were having fun. 

Then the walk to Golgotha, “place of the skull” began. The cross for the execution was already in place, having been used before. Yeshua carried the crossbeam, weighing at least seventy-five pounds. As they started up the hill to his execution spot. I saw the extreme effort Yeshua was exerting to walk with the extra weight. We had gone only a few yards when Yeshua stumbled, was helped up and continued. Again, he stumbled. The third time, the centurion overseeing the guards grumbled at how slowly the attachment was moving. “Grab someone to carry the crossbeam,” He ordered.  

Within minutes an able-bodied man, named Simon, was ordered to carry it. “Good, now we can get this over with,” replied the centurion. 

As we walked, a crowd gathered out of curiosity. Some were verbally tormenting him, while some grief-stricken Israelites trailed behind. When reaching Golgotha, Yeshua was laid on the ground and bound to the crossbeam. Spikes were driven through his wrist and into the crossbeam. Using ropes, the crossbeam was lifted into place and nailed to the base. Finally, the feet were nailed to the cross. The sign announcing his crime was affixed. Within three hours after daybreak, the true agony of the cross began. 

The two criminals crucified beside him, begged for more wine mixed with gall to deaden the pain, but Yeshua refused the drink. 

As a reward for carrying out the crucifixion, Yeshua’s garments were divided among the soldiers, with a valuable inner garment being the main prize.  

As he hung there, people came and went from the site. Some paused for a few minutes, while others stayed for longer voicing sick mockery. Some even yelled at Yeshua, “Look at you now. You said you were going to destroy the Temple and rebuild it in three days. Well then, if you are the Son of God, save yourself and come down from the cross.” Many of the religious leaders seemed to take even greater delight in the tirade. “He saved others, but he can’t save himself.” 

As I watched him hang there, Yeshua was scanning the crowd. Then his eyes homed in on a haggard looking man and the tear-filled woman standing next to him. Recognizing them, Yeshua cracked out a request for the Israelite to care for this woman. “Maybe, Yeshua’s mother?” I wondered. 

For an estimated three hours, Yeshua hung on the cross. Suddenly darkness fell across the whole land. The effect was total fear! Eclipses had happened in the past causing panic, but this was different. Previously they ended in a few minutes and at least there was some light. This darkness did not cease and seeing others near me was difficult. The darkness lasted for longer than I thought possible.  

Then I heard him call out with a loud voice, “My God, my God, why have You abandoned me?”  Shortly thereafter, Yeshua quietly whispered, “Father, into your hands I commit my spirit.” His head slumped down. His legs relaxed making it impossible for him to breathe, and I knew death had overcome his mortal body. It is finished.  

As Yeshua said his last words, it was as though all of nature was revolting against the loss. An earthquake hit. Before my very eyes, leading to the Temple mount itself, the earth opened a huge fissure. The shock of the last moments reverberated in me. Never had I witnessed anything as unsettling. My thoughts were exactly those of the centurion overseeing the event, “Certainly this man was innocent.”  

Yet my observation was not done. While the Jewish leaders asked that his legs be broken to confirm death, there was no need. It was clear that he had succumbed. For certainty, a sword was drawn by the centurion overseeing the event. He pierced deeply into the criminal’s side until blood and water drained out. Death was then certain. “Wow,” I thought, “He died with a broken heart.” 

The events of the last eighteen hours left me shaken. I had come to oversee the death of a criminal. Instead, my entire being began questioning what I witnessed. I had no choice but to disappear before being consumed with guilt over my part in this brutality.  

Matthew 27:27-56    Mark 15:16-47    Luke 23:26-49    John 19:16-37 

What if?

March 31, 2026

What if the Apostle Matthew was retelling the story of Palm Sunday and the next day’s visit to the Temple? This chapter from the book Yeshua…Reedemer…Savior…Friend tells the story in a modern style. Might this 6 minute read add to your understanding of the days of the Holy Week. Might it lead you to a further study of the events from the Holy Word of God, the Bible. Enjoy and feel free to share.Chapter 36,

(This follow the banquet at Lazarus home and the anointing of Yeshua, Jesus’s feet by Mary.)

Matthew also known as Levi  (continued) 

On the morning following our banquet, I noticed a definite spry step in Yeshua’s countenance. There was a look of excitement for the day ahead. When I tried to casually ask, he only replied that today would be a party. He saw my look of confusion, but only replied that I would see. It had been a few weeks since I had seen such joy. I waited with anticipation for what was ahead of me. 

Shortly thereafter we started out for Jerusalem. I do not know how it started, but the trip became just a gigantic parade. It started out slowly with just Yeshua’s followers from the banquet. Then those that had heard about the resurrection of Lazarus joined in. The celebration just continued to grow.  

About halfway there, the fervor from the crowd exploded. Yeshua sent two of his followers into the nearby settlement of homes, and they brought back a colt and its mother. When Yeshua mounted the animal, the chants, “Here Comes Our King” started slowly and echoed out into the crowd. People grabbed palm fronds to wave while continuing to shout, “Blessings on the King who comes in the name of the Lord! Peace in Heaven and glory in the highest Heaven. God bless the king of Israel.” Others were overcome by emotion and took off their cloaks to cover the trail. I was not certain whether someone was celebrating Yeshua as the Anointed One or were innocently joining the celebration. 

We had gone near the city when the leaders of the Sanhedrin came yelling at everyone, “Stop it! Stop this commotion right away. Yeshua, tell these people to go home. This must stop! They are calling you, their king! If they do not disband, the Roman government will come in to stop this insurrection. Have them stop right now.”  

“Even if I could,” replied Yeshua, “I would not. If they kept quiet, the stones along the road would burst into cheers.” 

As we rounded the top of the Mount of Olives and looked down on Jerusalem, Yeshua began to weep. Quietly, I heard him say, “How I wish that you, Jerusalem, of all people would understand the way to peace. But now it is too late, and peace is hidden from your eyes. Before long, your enemies will build ramparts against your walls and encircle you and close in on you from every side. They will crush you into the ground and your children with you. Your enemies will not leave a single stone in place because you did not recognize it when Yahweh visited you.”  

It was not until later that I recognized the significance of his remarks. He was genuinely sorrowful for those that had not believed him. He was hurting over the future of the nation. 

After almost two hours of our celebration, Yeshua arrived at the Temple. He went into the outer courts, looked around, but left. I could tell that his spirit was unsettled; yet no explanation followed. As the afternoon hours started to fade, Yeshua, his other apostles and I returned to Lazarus’s home. 

The next morning, we gathered with Yeshua for our morning meal, and he casually mentioned we were going to return to the Temple. Little did I realize the significance of the day. 

As we entered the Temple mount and made our way into the Court of the Gentiles, I noticed Yeshua picking up some cord left over from the unpacking of goods to be sold. Something about this seemed familiar.  

As He began to use the cords to violently drive out the moneychangers and vendors, Yeshua told them, “The scriptures say, ‘My house should be a place of worship.’ But you have made it a place where robbers hide.” Then I realized this was a repeat of the actions three years earlier. His first cleansing of the Temple was the moment the religious leaders started to oppose him. Now, Yeshua is confronting them again. 

This time, the scribes did not let it pass. “What gives you the right to do these things? Who gave you this authority?  

Yeshua replied, “I want to ask you a question; who gave John the Baptist the right to baptize? Was it the Lord in Heaven or just a mere man?” 

The religious leaders hesitated, knowing that acknowledging John’s divine authority would confirm Yeshua’s claim as Messiah. But denying it risked angering the crowd who revered John as a prophet. 

When the scribes said, “We don’t know,” Yeshua saw no obligation to respond. I knew that this was only a minor skirmish in their battle. 

Shortly thereafter, the Pharisees devised another plot. If Yeshua spoke out against paying taxes, he could be reported, and the Roman government would seek his arrest. Let the Roman government handle this headache. With that in mind, the Pharisees sent some men pretending to be followers of Yeshua. They came forward with the question, “Tell us, should we pay taxes to the emperor or not?” 

Yeshua recognized their cunning scheme. “Show me a coin. Who’s picture and name is on it?”  

“The emperors,” they answered. 

“Give the emperor what belongs to him. Give Yahweh what belongs to Yahweh.” The men asking the question left defeated. 

Before we returned to Bethany, Yeshua wanted to spend a few minutes relaxing. As we sat, we watched person after person come and give their offering for the support of the Temple’s work. We could tell that many foreigners were contributing large gifts. Then Yeshua said, “Watch her.” 

I expected a wealthy individual. Instead, she wore a frayed, thin outer cloak, a black veil, and sandals starting to fall apart. We watched as she donated two small coins. With a genuine tenderness in his voice, Yeshua replied, “I tell you this poor woman has put in more than all the others. Everyone else gave what they did not need. But she is extremely poor and gave everything she had.” 

As we left, I pondered my own circumstances. Was Yeshua worth all that I had? Was there more I could recklessly commit to the cause? That was a question I wrestled with all night. 

Matthew 23:37-39    Luke 13:34-35    Matthew 21:1-12    Mark 11:1-11    Luke 19:28-44     

John 12:12-19    Matthew 21-23-27    Mark 11:27-33    Luke 20:1-8    Matthew 22:15-22 

Mark 12:13-17    Luke 20:20-26    Mark 12:41-44    Luke 22:1-4 

Importance of Roman Empire

March 3, 2026

POWER SHIFTS 

THE LEAD UP 

Political futures have not changed much in the last 2000 years. There is always a world power that is striving to maintain its position and even gain more authority. About 150 years before the birth of Christ, the Ptolemy reign was the superpower, but the Seleucid empire fought to be the dominant force. The battle for power began after Alexander the Great’s death. The Ptolemy empire was given control of Egypt and Palestine; the Seleucid family controlled the land mass around Palestine. The Seleucid’s regime’s only goal was more power, more land.  

After generations of small skirmishes against the Ptolemy empire, Antiochus III became ruler of the Seleucid empire. Within a few years, he attacked both Egypt and Palestine. While he could not conquer Egypt, he added Palestine to his empire. With him in control, there were a few years of peace and then despair flooded the nation because of his son. 

Antiochus IV was a despot out for power regardless of the consequences. Although he ruled for only nine years, the impact of his decrees affected every aspect of Jewish life. Antiochus IV or sometimes called Antiochus, Epiphones, sought the complete Hellenization of Palestine. In his brief period ruling Palestine, he outlawed major Jewish practices and traditions. Possession of the Pentateuch, observance of the Sabbath, or the circumcision of a Jewish male resulted in death. 

HANUKKAH 

Antiochus’s opposition to Jewish religious practices sparked a guerrilla movement in Palestine. Within three years, the Maccabees seized Jerusalem and rededicated the Temple, an event commemorated annually as Hanukkah. After two more decades of sporadic conflict, the Seleucids signed a peace treaty with Jewish leaders, granting them autonomy over Judah. The Hasmoneans (formerly the Maccabees) continued to contend with the Seleucids for dominance until internal decline within the Seleucid empire allowed Israel to ally with the rising Roman power. 

NEW RULER—SAME DOMINATION 

Believing the Roman ruler Pompey would allow greater religious freedom, the nation sought their military help. Instead in 63BC, Pompey invaded Jerusalem and took personal control of Judah. Pompey ruled with a heavy hand over Palestine until he lost power to Caesar. Caesar appointed Herod the Great as the ruler of Palestine. 

Herod the Great believed in only one set of rules—that which kept him in power. Rebellions arose against Roman rule but were quickly put down. Anti-Roman hatred filled Israel, but Herod prevailed. In his sick mind, any perceived threat led to death.  

Trying to appease the Jewish population, Herod invested tax money in the renovation of the Temple and the Temple Mount, the acreage surrounding the Temple. Because of his family’s gifts, the religious area grew from a small temple to over thirty-five acres and could hold over one million people for its yearly festivals. 

While Herod financially supported the Temple’s construction, he also defied Jewish authorities by building heathen pagan temples and building a large amphitheater that housed games honoring the Roman rulers. Shortly before Herod the Great’s death, he used the military to kill every Jewish male under the age of two in the vicinity of Bethlehem after the visiting Magi spoke about the birth of a Jewish king. (Matthew chapter 2).  

In the final year of his life, in defiance of all that the Jewish nation believed in, he placed a golden eagle at the gate of the Temple to honor the Roman ruler, Augustus. Herod’s life ended in excruciating pain. The historian Josephus recorded that the pain was so unbearable that Herod tried unsuccessfully to commit suicide. His punishment and death shortly after trying to kill the baby Jesus in Bethlehem was a fitting end to this despotic rule. After the death of Herod, the Great, his children took control of Palestine.   

Herod’s son, Archelaus, ruled Judea for nine years. Archelaus continued Herod the Great’s cruelty. In revenge for the religious leaders’ defiance of Rome, Archelaus had a large group of Jews arrested and burned to death as a sacrifice to Caesar. 

The Jewish hatred of Roman rule only grew. Archelaus tried to make amends by lowering the taxes and freeing the remaining political prisoners, but the Jewish faithful were not to be appeased. When the Jewish leaders demanded those responsible for the burnings be punished, Archelaus refused. The Jewish nation revolted. In fury, Archelaus killed over three thousand more Jews.  

His cruelty led to him being deposed. After nine years of Herod Archelaus’ reign of terror, Rome took direct control of Judea and appointed Pontius Pilate as governor. Rome only required that peace in Judea be maintained.  

Into this world, the Messiah was born. The same Pontius Pilate would thirty years later order the crucifixion of Jesus, the Christ. 

A COMMON FOLK BIBLE

March 2, 2026

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMON FOLK BIBLE 

You are on Jeopardy and the topic is “Famous Individuals of Christianity.” You should be able to answer question one on Jesus’s mother or even the $400 question—Jesus’s most beloved disciple (John). Most could even guess at questions about Martin Luther (Justification by faith alone) or John Wycliffe (translated the scriptures into English) but the stumper would be the $1000 question about Ptolemy. Though not a Christian, nor a Jewish convert, Ptolemy’s role in Biblical history cannot be overlooked. 

PREPARTION 

The Persian empire ruled until conquered by Alexander the Great. During his thirteen years of rule, religious freedom continued to be given to the dispersed Jewish communities. Having an even bigger impact on the world was Alexander the Great’s demand that the Greek culture, often called Hellenism, be promoted in his conquered territory. This was a change that affected the entire world and continued well after Alexander’s death. 

After his death, the empire was divided into four territories. Alexander’s general, Ptolemy was awarded control of northern Africa and portions of the Middle East, including Palestine. Despite regional wars, Ptolemy remained in power over his given territory for the next forty years. (source: (historicaleve.com) During the next three hundred years, the influence of the Greek culture grew. Hellenism embraced all aspects of life: art, philosophy, science, architecture, and intellectual development.  

IMPACT OF HELLENISM ON THE JEWISH RACE 

Like the rest of the Middle East, Palestine also was impacted by Hellenism.  Positively, many trade routes were established and Israel’s place as a connection between the east and west developed.  At the same time, the polytheistic beliefs of the Greek empire were counter to the monotheism of the Hebrew nation.  

To counteract the forces of Hellenism, the Jewish religious leaders developed a rigid religious belief system. Attention to the law, observing traditional customs, and an emphasis on the Hebrew educational system remained essential elements of Hebrew life. (source: livestransforming.com) These practices, along with the insistence of using the Hebrew language in religious circles, were important in keeping the dispersed Israelites, along with the homeland, monotheistic until the time of Christ.  

Judaism also continued to flourish outside of Palestine. The openness of Ptolemy for intellectual and religious freedom allowed the city of Alexandria, Egypt to become an enclave for Jewish adherents. The Jewish population of Alexandria were given their own section of the city to live in so that their beliefs and customs could be practiced without influence from outsiders. The one break from a strict Hebrew lifestyle was the acceptance of the Greek language which had become the universal language of all business activities. Since the Greek language was the language used by everyday Judahites, they longed for the books of the Pentateuch and Prophets to be translated into Greek. 

FIRST ATTEMPTS 

Today, the super-rich buys 12,000 square foot homes or competes to have the biggest yacht. The Ptolemy rulers saw life differently. While a fabulous palace was important, they valued intellectual pursuits as well. Ptolemy, the first was known as a great patron of learning, and the library in Alexandria was a centerpiece of his work.  His successors Ptolemy II and Ptolemy III continued to spend huge sums of money sending advisors throughout the world to secure rare books and valuable art.  

The first attempts to put the Hebrew Old Testament into the Greek language were done by hundreds of slaves who wrote into the Greek language what was orally dictated to them. Unfortunately, this led to errors in translation because the slave used their own judgement of what a particular phrase meant. This, though, did produce a Greek version of the Old Testament that was sold cheaply and became known as the “People’s Bible.”   

If one wanted to buy a scholarly copy of the Pentateuch (first five books of the Old Testament) or the books of the Prophets in the Hebrew language, the purchase was expensive. The copy could only be done by Jewish scholars who painstakingly copied the Word of God into another set of writings. If even a small error was made, the entire copy was destroyed. The painstaking process began again. 

PTOLEMY’S SUCCESS 

A spiritual life-changing event was to occur in Alexandria, Egypt. All because of the generosity of Ptolemy’s reign. 

Demetrious Phalereus became the chief advisor for the library. He wanted a true copy of the Hebrew Books of Moses translated into the Greek language. Phalereus sent Eleazar the High-Priest at Jerusalem a huge financial gift to select seventy-two translators of the highest regard to work on a proper translation. Each translator received an authentic manuscript and were sent to the island of Pharos, (an island in the Nile River), spending seventy-two days individually translating the Hebrew manuscript into the Greek language. After comparisons and evaluation, the Jewish Sanhedrin at Alexandria—the Jewish ruling body of that area–formally approved the acceptance of the Greek version of the Pentateuch. It was given the title, Septuagint. (source: The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah) The translation of the books of the Prophets and Jewish History followed. The Greek translation was widely accepted and used at the time of Christ.  

IMPLICATIONS FOR TODAY 

In the early 1600’s, English scholars used both the Greek Bible and the Hebrew Bible to develop the King James Bible, the only authorized English version for over 300 years.  

God’s wisdom is infinite and His planning impeccable. Throughout history, God’s desire was that world accept Him as their God. He chose the Jewish people from the beginning to be His ambassadors. A Christian’s goal today is the same—be a worthy ambassador. 

From Tragedy to Redemption the Israelites and the Messiah

February 27, 2026

Chapter 1   The Beginning 

   

One will never know why Yahweh—God—chose Abraham, then his son Isaac, then his grandson Jacob, and then his great-grandson Joseph as the bearers of Yahweh’s promises. If Yahweh was looking for a sinless individual, He missed the mark. From the start, sin followed. (Read the book of Genesis.) It is a perplexing question how Yahweh could trust a sinful race of people to revitalize the world. Yet He thankfully did.  

Skip ahead four hundred years, and the sin filled lives of his chosen people continued. Moses and then Joshua tried to lead the Israelite people but idol worship and listening to foreigners—particularly women—led to Yahweh’s displeasure and rebuke time after time. Throughout the time of the prophets and then the kings, there were moments of complete trust in following Yahweh, but sin eventually led to more wickedness. Any attempts at spiritual change were short lived. 

 Eventually, the sins of the nation led to their annihilation. First the Assyrians conquered the northern part of Israel. Because of Assyrian cruelty, the history of these captives was lost. (Lost tribes of Israel.) 

 Less than one hundred fifty years later, the Babylonian empire conquered Judah, the southern part of Israel. (Biblical books of Judges through 2nd Chronicles.) The Babylonian rulers, however, treated the Jewish people favorably, and the Israelite population quickly grew. While in captivity, lessons were learned, and for some, a desire for a spiritual change occurred. 

Restoring Their Jewish Heritage 

Then the promises spoken by Yahweh years earlier for a fresh restart came about after the Persian nation overthrew the Babylonians. The Persian King Cyrus issued a decree that allowed the Hebrew people to return to their former land of Israel. “Cyrus allowed Zerubbabel (also known as Sheshbazzar), a descendant of David, to lead the first group of Jews, numbering 42,360, back to Judah somewhere between 538 and 520 BC.” (source: Hebrewnations.com).   

For those who chose to move back to Israel, life was difficult. The small Jewish community was heavily influenced by their non-Israelites neighbors, and the people fell away from following the Sabbath and began to intermarry. Their identity to God was once again fading.  

Yet Yahweh did not give up. Seventy-five years after the first group had returned, Ezra was allowed by the Persian King Artaxerxes to travel with a second group back to Palestine (Israel). Shortly thereafter, Nehemiah also returned. While Ezra led in a spiritual renewal of the people, Nehemiah was instrumental in rebuilding Jerusalem and the Temple. Between the two, a strong Jewish culture was being rebuilt. 

Millions of other Jewish adherents chose not to make the change. While living in Persia, most Israelites had settled into a comfortable life under their rulers. The Hebrew people had become well accepted in the community and were actively involved in trades and commerce. Moving back to Palestine, was not worth the risk.  

Even more important, the Jewish adherents enjoyed great freedom to travel. They formed their own separate communities in other areas of the known world, and those areas quickly grew. Recorded records show that around the time of Christ over 1 million Jews lived in Alexandria (Egypt). Large populations of Jewish exiles were also found in Rome, Samaria, Ethiopia, Cyrene (now part of Libya), Antioch (Syria), the Italian peninsula, and Turkey. The Greek geographer Strabo said, “You could not go anywhere in the civilized world without encountering a Jew.” (Source: Edersheim, The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah).  

While their homeland was comprised of less than a million residents at the time of Christ, millions of Jewish followers lived in other parts of the world. In each of these Jewish communities, there was a common bond that held the Jewish society together: a common creed, a common way of life, a common center of worship, and a common hope for the future. The Jewish population, wherever they settled, observed laws related to food, followed Sabbath rules, and celebrated the Jewish holy holidays. Through it all, though, was their love for Jerusalem, and the hope of eventually returning to their homeland under the rule of the Messiah. 

The Messianic hope though only came about because of that small group that chose to reestablish the nation of Israel. These courageous followers made many sacrifices. Homes needed to be rebuilt, fortifications against enemies established, and it was necessary to relearn how to plant, grow, and harvest crops. 

 Although change was not easy, those in Palestine persisted. It was into this world that our Messiah would be born, live, and die—all for our benefit. 

All believers should be grateful for these Hebrew change agents. Because of them, the coming of the Messiah was one step closer.